Nobody forgets their shoes. The weekend goes wrong over smaller things — the sock you only brought one pair of, the layer you assumed you would not need. So this list skips the obvious and concentrates on what gets left behind.
Pack twice of
Socks. Race socks and spare socks, kept separately. Wet socks on a Saturday ruin a Sunday, and hotel radiators in summer are decorative rather than functional.
Caps. One to race in, one for everything else. The second one is for the expo queue, the shakeout, the walk to dinner and the flight home. It also means your race cap arrives on the start line dry.
Pack once of, and do not forget
A layer for the start line. You will stand still for forty minutes in whatever you brought. An old long sleeve you are willing to abandon is traditional and still correct — most big races collect and donate them.
A neck collar. Negligible weight, and the single most useful thing in a cold start pen. It also works as an eye mask on an early flight.
Anti-chafe. The travel version, not the full tub. New course, new seams, unfamiliar heat. Apply more than you would at home.
Safety pins. Yes, the race provides them. Bring four anyway.
Wear, do not pack
Travel in the kit you would be upset to lose. Airlines separate people from bags routinely, and a race can be rescued without your spare t-shirt but not without your shoes and shorts. If you are checking a bag at all, your entire race outfit should be on your body or in your carry-on.
The night before
Lay everything out in the order you will put it on. It takes five minutes and removes every decision from a morning when you will not want to make any. Pin your number on the night before too — doing it at 6am with cold hands is how numbers end up crooked and shirts end up holed.
Race-day pieces are in Elite, and city-specific caps are in Marathon Cities.